c++实现的贪吃蛇源代码

#include<iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<deque>
#include<ctime>
#include<stdexcept>
using namespace std;

struct Snake { //蛇类结构体
char image;
short x, y; //坐标
};

class snakeGame {
public:
snakeGame();
void printMap();
// 控制光标移动
void gotoxy(short x, short y) {
hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); //获取句柄
pos = {x, y};
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos); //移动光标
}
//隐藏光标
void HideCursor()
{
HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
GetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
CursorInfo.bVisible = false; //隐藏控制台光标
SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态
}
// 初始化蛇身，可根据需要更改初始长度
void initSnake() {
snake.push_front({'@', width / 2, height / 2});
for (int i=0; i<2;++i)
snake.push_back({'+', width/2,static_cast<short>(height/2+i+1)});
}
// 判断是否食物产生位置与蛇身冲突
int WrongLocation() {
for (Snake body : snake)
if(body.x == food_x && body.y == food_y) return 0;
return 1;
}
// 产生食物，并打印
void createFood() {
do {
food_x = rand() % (width - 4) + 2;
food_y = rand() % (height - 2) + 1;
} while (!WrongLocation());//处理冲突
gotoxy(food_x,food_y); cout << '*' << endl; //打印食物
}
void printSnake();
// 清除蛇尾
inline void clearSnake(Snake &tail) {
gotoxy(tail.x, tail.y); cout << ' '; //覆盖蛇尾，不使用清屏函数，避免了闪烁
}
void judgeCrash();
void foodEaten();
// 监控用户键盘输入
void userInput() {
char ch;
switch(ch=getch()) {
case 'w':if (dir != 's') dir = ch;break;
case 'a':if (dir != 'd') dir = ch;break;
case 's':if (dir != 'w') dir = ch;break;
case 'd':if (dir != 'a') dir = ch;break;
case 'v':speed*=0.8;break; case 'b':speed*=1.5;break;
case ' ':gotoxy(width / 2, height); cout << "游戏已暂停，任意键继续"; getch();
gotoxy(width / 2, height); cout << "                     "; break;
default:break;
}
}
private:
// 以下是程序运行当中需要用到的一些中间变量或者是数据变量。
enum MapSize {height = 40,width = 120}; //地图尺寸
HANDLE hOut; COORD pos;
char dir; //direction
bool beg,eatFood=false;
double speed=200;
deque<Snake> snake;
int food_x,food_y;
int score=0;
};
// 处理吃到食物的情况
void snakeGame::foodEaten() {
createFood();
eatFood=true;
speed*=.8;
++score;
}
// 判断蛇是否撞墙或者吃到自己的尾巴
void snakeGame::judgeCrash() {
int flag=0;
if (snake.size()>=5) {
deque<Snake>::iterator iter = snake.begin() + 1;
int x = (iter-1)->x, y = (iter-1)->y;
for (; iter != snake.end(); ++iter) {
if (iter->x == x && iter->y == y) flag=1;
}}
if (flag || snake.front().x == 1 || snake.front().x == width - 2 || snake.front().y == 0 || snake.front().y == height - 1)//检测是否撞墙或者是否吃到自身
{
gotoxy(width / 2 - 10, height /2);
cout << "游戏结束！您的分数是: " << score << "分（回车继续）"<<endl;
while(1) {
dir = getch();
if (dir == '\r') break;}
runtime_error quit("游戏结束，正常退出"); throw quit;
}
}
// 将蛇身打印出来
void snakeGame::printSnake() {
deque<Snake>::const_iterator iter = snake.begin();
for (; iter <= snake.begin() + 1 && iter < snake.end(); ++iter) {
gotoxy(iter->x, iter->y); cout << iter->image;
}
}
// 打印出边框
void snakeGame::printMap() {
int i;
for (i = 0; i != width; i += 2) cout << "■"; //这个图案宽度占2，高度占1
gotoxy(0, 1);
for (i = 1; i != height; ++i) cout << "■" << endl;
for (i = 1; i != height; ++i) {
gotoxy(width - 2, i); cout << "■";}
gotoxy(0, height - 1);
for (i = 0; i != width; i += 2) cout << "■";
cout << "贪吃蛇：1.方向键开始游戏 2.*代表食物 3.空格键暂停游戏\n        4.键入'v'加速    5.键入'b'减速";
}
// 类的构造函数。
// 包含了程序的初始化（地图绘制，蛇身初始化），程序运行，程序结束等内容
// 是程序最关键的部分
snakeGame::snakeGame() {
HideCursor(); // 隐藏光标
srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(NULL)));
beg=true;
Snake tmp1,tmp2;
while (1) {
if(beg) { // 判断是不是第一次运行程序，因为第一次运行需要打印边框
printMap();
dir = getch();
initSnake();
createFood();
beg = eatFood=false;
}
tmp2=snake.back();
tmp1=snake.front();
snake.pop_back();
if (eatFood) { // 如果吃到食物...
tmp2.image='+';
snake.push_back(tmp2);
eatFood=false;
}
else clearSnake(tmp2);
// 判断当前的前进方向，根据dir来进行移动
if      (dir == 's') ++tmp1.y;
else if (dir == 'a') --tmp1.x;
else if (dir == 'd') ++tmp1.x;
else --tmp1.y;
try{
judgeCrash(); // 判断是否撞墙或者吃到自己
}
catch(runtime_error &quitSignal) {
throw quitSignal;
}
snake.front().image='+';
snake.push_front(tmp1);
printSnake();
Sleep(speed+30);
if (tmp1.x == food_x && tmp1.y == food_y)
foodEaten();
// 监测用户的键入
if(kbhit()) userInput();
}
}
int main() {
// 设置小黑框的一些参数
system("mode con cols=120 lines=42");
try{
snakeGame game;
}
catch(runtime_error &gameEnd) {
system("cls");
cout<<gameEnd.what();
getch();
}
}